Lake Rukwa

At about 2,500km², Lake Rukwa is by far the largest lake to lie entirely within Tanzania's borders. However, Rukwa has an average depth of only four metres. The water level varies greatly with the seasons: Lake Rukwa often splits into two individual bodies of water, separated by a huge plain of marsh and swampland.

In 1997 the northern part of Lake Rukwa and its surrounds were declared the Rukwa Game Reserve. The lake's large floodplain attracts great herds of wildlife, including many ungulates (hoofed animals) and notable populations of crocodile and hippo.

Rukwa's avian population was last studied in the 1950s, when more than 350 species were noted and listed. You'll find huge numbers of water birds here, including African skimmer, glossy ibis, lesser flamingo, spur-winged goose, and white pelican. The papyrus swamps are home to the rare shoebill stork and the Tanzania masked weaver.

Although Lake Rukwa is very well worth a visit, there are no notable human settlements on its shores. A trip to the lake therefore entails a full-scale expedition. A 4x4 is required, as are all possible spares and provisions. It's best to visit between March and October when the roads are dry and passable, though there's more game in the rainy months.

You can get to Rukwa from Mbeya, from Sumbawanga, or from Katavi National Park.

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