The Ultimate Kenya Safari Travel Guide

Location & Landscape

Kenya is a fairly small country in East Africa. Its capital and central transport hub is Nairobi, which is more or less in the centre. Safari travellers fly into the international airport known as Jomo Kenyatta and use the domestic airport next door – called Wilson – for connecting flights to safari destinations.

Using Nairobi as a central point, these are the major areas to the north, south, east and west of the capital:

Central Kenya

This is typically where all Kenya safari itineraries start, as Nairobi is the country's logistical hub. The area around Nairobi also has plenty of conservation areas, the most popular being Nairobi National Park, Lakes Nakuru and Naivasha as well as the Aberdare Mountains. The land is green and lush during the rainy season while the lakes attract plenty of bird- and wildlife.

Western Kenya

The biggest name in western Kenya is of course the Masai Mara National Reserve, home to some of Africa's best year-round game viewing as well as the annual Wildebeest Migration. Present in their hundreds of thousands from about August to November, the massive wildebeest and zebra herds attract constant attention from Africa's top predators, and consequently visitor numbers are high in peak season (about June to October).

The biggest reason that the Masai Mara attracts the Migration is because its open, flat savannah produces superb grazing. There are few thickets, forests or high peaks: the wide landscape is a safari classic with green grass that turns golden as the seasons pass. The plains attract game like reticulated and Masai giraffe, topi, Thomson's gazelle, and are dotted with occasional flat-topped acacia trees.

Northern Kenya

The further north you travel, the drier and hillier the landscape becomes as the area doesn't benefit as much from the rains received by the south-west of Kenya.

That being said, there are still superb safari options here, including Samburu National Park, Lewa Wildlife Conservancy and Laikipia. The more arid conditions suit species like gerenuk, the Somali ostrich and Grevy's zebra. Lewa is also the best place in Kenya to see rhino regularly and consistently. On a clear day, you may be lucky enough to see Mounts Kenya and Meru.

Southern Kenya

Because it shares the longest part of Kenya’s border with Tanzania, this is the best place to see snow-capped Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa and the tallest free-standing mountain the world. Kili actually lies in Tanzania, but Kenya's Amboseli National Park is so close to the border that it boasts incredible vantage points.

This part of Kenya is wetter and the terrain more varied: Amboseli, for example, is a beautiful mix of open savannah, wetlands, woodlands and hills, making it ideal for a wide variety of species, from bat-eared foxes to elephants. Nearby are the Chyulu Hills and Tsavo East and West National Parks.

Way down on the south-eastern coast are some of Kenya's best beaches. Hit Diani and nearby Galu for top beach lodges and water sports like kitesurfing. Head to Funzi Island for snorkelling and diving.

Kenya Travel Guide: Getting Around

International flights land and depart from Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA) in Nairobi. It's a major flight hub in East Africa and the gateway to the rest of Kenya.

Light aircraft flights for fly-in safaris to the Masai Mara, Amboseli, Samburu and other areas depart from Wilson Airport, which is about 15km (10mi) away from JKIA. Ensure you have time between your international flight and domestic flight to make the transfer between the two airports – it can take up to 90 minutes for the road transfer on a good day.

Chartered flights are a great way to get around Kenya, saving you long road transfers and allowing for more time on safari. Road transfers from bush airstrips to lodges are conducted in 4X4 safari vehicles.

Kenya Safari Budget Planning Advice

It's tricky to give costs for a Kenya safari because there are so many variables: the time of year you travel, the luxuriousness of the accommodation you prefer, whether you drive or fly between destinations, and what extra activities you add on like hot-air ballooning, spa treatments, mountain biking or even cultural visits.

At Go2Africa, we don't sell one-size-fits-all packages. We prefer to match your budget to give you a tailor-made Kenya experience, splurging and saving where it makes sense for your individual needs. A bare-bones budget may involve sharing transport but then upgrading to the area's best lodge. Or choosing a slightly more economical tented camp in order to spend a day or two longer on safari. There are no rules and thus no two Kenya safari itineraries are the same.

That being said, here is our Kenya travel guide with some ballpark figures for a safari, with transfers and accommodation included on a price-per-person-per-night (PPPN) basis:

Don't be shy to chat to your Africa Safari Expert about your budget and what you hope to get out of your vacation to Kenya. We advise clients to have an idea of a budget band that you feel comfortable working within, and disclosing this at the earliest opportunity. This will hugely expedite the consultation process and you'll arrive at your ideal itinerary sooner.

It's easy to feel overwhelmed when thinking or talking about what you're willing to invest in your first-time safari in Kenya, but knowing what budget we can work with has a massive impact on planning a safari to Kenya.

Tipping in Kenya

In Kenya, it is customary – but not obligatory or mandatory – to give tips to service staff in gratitude and thanks for good service. Cash tips are the norm and can be handed to the relevant member of staff, the lodge or camp manager, or placed in a staff tip box – most safari lodges have these.

It's customary to tip taxi or shuttle drivers in Kenya; hotel, railway and airport porters; restaurant and bar staff; chambermaids; tour guides; game rangers and trackers; and golf caddies.

At restaurants and bars, 10–15% of your total bill is customary, although some establishments may include a service fee for larger groups.

For transfers, consider tipping about US$5 per couple in your group. Game lodge staff can be tipped about US$15 per couple per day, and rangers and trackers about US$10–15 per couple per day.

For more information about how to tip on safari, have a look at our complete tipping guide.

Kenya Safari Guide: Accommodation

Accommodation in Kenya ranges from down-to-earth mobile camps that move with the Wildebeest Migration to very lavish lodges and modern city hotels. Here is our Kenya travel guide on some tried-and-tested favourites across the country:

Nairobi

Masai Mara

Amboseli National Park

Samburu National Reserve

Lewa & Laikipia

Diani & The Coast

Wildlife, the Wildebeest Migration & the Big 5

Kenya is a safari hotspot because it offers fantastic year-round game viewing, thanks to its moderate climate and wide-open spaces. Birders and photographers flock here too, and the Masai Mara is the perfect destination for first-time safari goers in Kenya for numerous reasons:

• Because the land is so flat and open, it's really easy to get a 360-degree view and to spot animals. Many Kenya safari guides don't work with trackers because seeing the game is very easy – unlike the Kruger National Park in South Africa, for example, where a tracker is vital as game can be hidden by the thick vegetation.
• Long-standing conservation projects means that animals are generally plentiful and in good condition.
• Roads are well-maintained and English is widely spoken.
• Special relationships between tribal land owners, the government, conservationists and safari operators mean that the careful balance between human, natural and agricultural need is maintained.

The Great Wildebeest Migration

Arguably Kenya's biggest wildlife gem: the crossing of about two million wildebeest (and zebra and gazelle) over the Mara River into the Masai Mara National Reserve to feast on fresh grazing. They hang about for about four or five months, slowly mowing the Mara between about August and November, when they cross back into Tanzania's Serengeti National Park.

It's crucial to keep the following in mind when planning a safari to Kenya to see the Migration:

• It's a major safari highlight so book up to a year in advance to get your first choice of accommodation.
• It's impossible to know exactly when the wildebeest will cross the Mara River – they decide and the mind of a gnu is pretty inscrutable. They don't all cross in one place at the same time either: large groups will cross at different places on different days. This suspense is what makes safari so exciting.
• Predators make the most of the arrival of prey. Chases and kills may be exciting but they're also not for the faint-hearted.
• This is an extremely popular phenomenon – it's better to stay in one of the Mara's private conservancies that are contiguous with the national reserve to avoid the crowds.

The Big 5

Although Kenya is technically a Big 5 destination in the sense that lion, leopard, buffalo, elephant and rhino are found here, it's difficult to see them all in the same place. Rhino are the rarest and very difficult to find – although some do still live in the Masai Mara, they are very seldom seen.

It's much easier to find leopards, lions, buffalo and elephant. The Migration brings out predators en masse and although they aren't part of the Big 5, cheetah are ideally adapted to the Mara's wide, flat, open plains that allow then to reach top speed with few obstacles. Witnessing a cheetah chase down its prey is truly one of the most thrilling game-viewing experiences you can have.

If you want to see rhino, then head to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy. It has a successful and highly sophisticated conservation project that has seen these gentle giants thrive. Lewa is a safe haven for the critically endangered black rhino, as well as endangered Grevy's zebra and wild dog. Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya's Laikipia region is another fantastic destination to see rhino. Ol Pejeta is home to two of the world's last remaining northern white rhinos, and a sanctuary for endangered black rhinos.

Kenya Safari Guide: Best Time to Go

Getting your timing right depends on many things. Some travellers are locked by their personal schedules into a very specific time-frame, others want to go when they can get the best rates, while others want to go during peak safari season.

Traveller Types: Kenya is Best for...

Kenya is an exciting destination for travellers with many options depending on your travel style:

Solo travellers, families and honeymooners should tailor their safari to their interests – if you love camping at home, for example, then consider time in an authentic tented camp. If you enjoy the high life, superb food and lavish spa treatments, then Kenya offers honeymooners and couples lots of luxury accommodation options.

As always, chatting with one of our Africa Safari Experts will uncover the best possible accommodation options for your personal travel wishes.

Health & Safety

Kenya is a very safe country to visit. It's tourism industry is one of the most important in the country and thousands of travellers go on safari safely every month. As with all overseas travel, it's important to keep some pointers in mind:

• Check with your travel clinic if you need vaccinations and be sure to get them timeously.
• The risk of malaria is low during Green Season and very low during peak season. Check with your doctor about taking precautions. If you are going scuba diving afterwards, be sure to let them know so they can ensure they prescribe the correct prophylactic.
• The risk of malaria is higher if you are going into rural areas and villages outside the parks and reserves.
• Drink plenty of water and wear sunscreen and a hat. Even in winter, the African sun can affect those not used to it.
• Don’t overdo alcoholic beverages. It’s fun to partake of sundowners, drinks and nightcaps but wake-up calls are early on safari!
• Get enough sleep and stick to dedicated smoking areas (lodges are often made of timber and thatch so are flammable).
• Don’t keep food in your tent or room as the smell attracts wild animals.
• Don’t walk around camp after dark, even if it is fenced. Wait for an escort to walk with you.
• Always obey your Kenya safari guide's instructions. Even if they seem 'tame', the animals are still wild. Never try to pet them, walk up to them or attract them in any way.

Kenya Travel Guide: What to Wear on Safari

What to include in your Kenya safari packing list depends on the time of year you are visiting, the activities you will be undertaking and the luggage restrictions on the transport you will be using. Bear in mind that some hotels and lodges have laundry services, so you don't need multiple changes of clothing.

Kenyans generally dress casually in shorts, jeans, sandals and trainers. This attire is acceptable in public places, unless otherwise stated. Restaurants and hotels do sometimes have dress codes, which is usually smart- or business-casual. Be sure to dress modestly if you are visiting a cultural centre or a place of worship.

Your Kenya safari packing list should include lightweight clothing in neutral colours such as khaki, brown, beige or green. Avoid white – it will get dirty quickly – and black, which can get very hot in the day and may attract mosquitoes at night. Trousers with removable, zippered lower legs are very practical as they can double as shorts.

Early-morning game drives in open vehicles can be very chilly, but the day will heat up quickly as the sun rises – so it's always best to dress in layers. Evening drives can also be cold, so consider a beanie, scarf and gloves if you’re on safari during Kenya's winter months (June to August).

Kenya Combines Well With…

Kenya's capital, Nairobi, is a transport hub for East Africa and it's quite easy to get to other high-profile destinations in Africa.

Of course, if you have the funds and time, then you can combine Kenya with any African destination like the Seychelles, Namibia or even Botswana.

Popular Kenya Safari Itinerary Ideas

The below is a Kenya safari guide on tried-and-tested trip ideas that are completely customisable to meet your personal travel wishes.

Affordable Kenya Safaris

These trips offer affordable Kenya safaris, combining accommodations that offer extremely comfortable facilities in fantastic locations, authentic safari experiences, and great value for money:

Luxury Kenya Safaris

Not only will you stay in the finest accommodations and beautiful locations, but the below luxury Kenya safaris also give you the opportunity to experience unique activities like camelback safaris and traditional village visits. And there's no better way to crown your luxury Kenya safari than with some R&R on a tropical island…

Ready to Start Planning a Safari to Kenya?

Chat with someone who's been there. Get in touch with one of our Africa Safari Experts to help tailor-make a trip that's right for you: